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margin worl essay About World War I. T he First World War was truly #145;the Great War#146;. Its origins were complex. Its scale was vast. Its conduct was intense. Its impact on military operations was revolutionary. Its human and material costs were enormous. Essay. And its results were profound.

The war was a global conflict. Thirty-two nations were eventually involved. Twenty-eight of these constituted the Allied and essay prompt, Associated Powers, whose principal belligerents were the British Empire, France, Italy, Russia, Serbia, and the United States of America. They were opposed by the Central Powers: Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Germany, and the Ottoman Empire. The war began in the Balkan cockpit of competing nationalisms and oncommunity, ancient ethnic rivalries. Hopes that it could be contained there proved vain. Expansion of the war was swift. Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia on part jobs 28 July 1914; Germany declared war on Russia on essay 1 August. Germany declared war on essays about time France on essay oncommunity 3 August and invaded Belgium. France was invaded on 4 August.

German violation of Belgian neutrality provided the British with a convenient excuse to enter the war on the side of France and Russia the same evening. Austria-Hungary declared war on Russia on 6 August. France and Great Britain declared war on Austria-Hungary six days later. The underlying causes of these events have been intensively researched and debated. Science Of Mythology. Modern scholars are less inclined to allocate blame for the outbreak of war than was the case in the past.

They have sought instead to understand the fears and ambitions of the governing lites of Europe who took the fateful decisions for oncommunity war, particularly that of essay imperial Germany. Fears were more important than ambitions. Of the powers involved in essay oncommunity the outbreak of war, only Serbia had a clear expansionist agenda. The French hoped to recover the provinces of Alsace and Lorraine lost to Germany as a result of science of mythology their defeat in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1, but this was regarded as an attempt at restitution rather than acquisition. Otherwise, defensive considerations were paramount. The states who embarked on the road to war in 1914 wished to preserve what they had.

This included not only their territorial integrity but also their diplomatic alliances and their prestige. These defensive concerns made Europe's statesmen take counsel of their fears and submit to essay oncommunity, the tyranny of events. The Austrians feared for the survival of their multi-racial Empire if they did not confront the for persuasive threat of Serb nationalism and Panslavism. The Germans feared the consequences to essay, themselves of allowing Austria, their closest and only reliable ally, to be weakened and humiliated. The Russians feared the threat to their prestige and authority as protector of the Slavs if they allowed Austria to defeat and humiliate Serbia. The French feared the superior population numbers, economic resources, and military strength of their German neighbours. France's principal defence against the threat of German power was its alliance with Russia. This it was imperative to defend. The British feared occupation of the Low Countries by a hostile power, especially a hostile power with a large modern navy. Research. But most of all they feared for the long-term security of their Empire if they did not support France and Russia, their principal imperial rivals, whose goodwill they had been assiduously cultivating for oncommunity a decade.

All governments feared their peoples. Some statesmen welcomed the war in the belief that it would act as a social discipline purging society of dissident elements and encouraging a return to patriotic values. Others feared that it would be a social solvent, dissolving and transforming everything it touched. The process of expansion did not end in August 1914. Other major belligerents took their time and waited upon events. Italy, diplomatically aligned with Germany and Austria since the Triple Alliance of 1882, declared its neutrality on 3 August. On A Of Mythology. In the following months it was ardently courted by France and Britain.

On 23 May 1915 the Italian government succumbed to Allied temptations and essay, declared war on Austria-Hungary in pursuit of answering essay territorial aggrandizement in the Trentino. Bulgaria invaded Serbia on essay oncommunity 7 October 1915 and sealed that pugnacious country's fate. Serbia was overrun. On A Of Mythology. The road to Constantinople was opened to the Central Powers. Romania prevaricated about which side to join, but finally chose the Allies in August 1916, encouraged by the success of the essay oncommunity Russian 'Brusilov Offensive'.

It was a fatal miscalculation. The German response was swift and decisive. Romania was rapidly overwhelmed by two invading German armies and its rich supplies of wheat and oil did much to keep Germany in the war for another two years. Romania joined Russia as the other Allied power to suffer defeat in the war. It was British belligerency, however, which was fundamental in part time turning a European conflict into a world war. Britain was the world's greatest imperial power. The British had world-wide interests and essay oncommunity, world-wide dilemmas. They also had world-wide friends. Germany found itself at war not only with Great Britain but also with the dominions of essay prompt Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and South Africa and oncommunity, with the greatest British imperial possession, India. Concern for the defence of section paper India helped bring the British into conflict with the Ottoman Empire in November 1914 and resulted in essay a major war in the Middle East.

Most important of all, perhaps, Britain's close political, economic, and cultural ties with the United States of America, if they did not ensure that nation's eventual entry into the war, certainly made it possible. The American declaration of war on Germany on 6 April 1917 was a landmark not only in the history of the United States but also in that of Europe and the world, bringing to an end half a millennium of European domination and ushering in 'the American century'. The geographical scale of the conflict meant that it was not one war but many. On the Western Front in France and Belgium the French and their British allies, reinforced from 1917 onwards by the Americans, were locked in research a savage battle of attrition against the German army. Here the war became characterized by increasingly elaborate and sophisticated trench systems and field fortifications. Dense belts of barbed wire, concrete pillboxes, intersecting arcs of essay oncommunity machine-gun fire, and accumulating masses of quick-firing field and heavy artillery rendered man#156;uvre virtually impossible. Quote. Casualties were enormous. The first phase of the war in the west lasted until November 1914. This witnessed Germany's attempt to defeat France through an enveloping movement round the left flank of the French armies. The plan met with initial success.

The advance of the German armies through Belgium and northern France was dramatic. Essay Oncommunity. The French, responding with an offensive in Lorraine, suffered an almost catastrophic national defeat. France was saved by the iron nerve of hooks for persuasive essays its commander-in-chief, General J. J. C. Joffre, who had not only the essay intelligence but also the strength of character to essays about jobs, extricate himself from the ruin of his plans and order the historic counter-attack against the German right wing, the 'miracle of the Marne'. The German armies were forced to retreat and to entrench. Essay. Their last attempt at a breakthrough was stopped by French and British forces near the small Flemish market town of Ypres in paper November. By Christmas 1914 trench lines stretched from the Belgian coast to the Swiss frontier. Although the events of 1914 did not result in a German victory, they left the Germans in essay oncommunity a very strong position.

The German army held the strategic initiative. It was free to retreat to positions of tactical advantage and to reinforce them with all the skill and ingenuity of German military engineering. Enormous losses had been inflicted on France. Essay On A Science Of Mythology. Two-fifths of France's military casualties were incurred in 1914. These included a tenth of the essay oncommunity officer corps. German troops occupied a large area of northern France, including a significant proportion of French industrial capacity and mineral wealth. These realities dominated the second phase of the war in the west.

This lasted from November 1914 until March 1918. It was characterized by effective for persuasive essays, the unsuccessful attempts of the French and their British allies to evict the oncommunity German armies from French and Belgian territory. During this period the Germans stood mainly on the defensive, but they showed during the Second Battle of Ypres (22 April-25 May 1915), and more especially during the Battle of Verdun (21 February-18 December 1916), a dangerous capacity to disrupt their enemies' plans. The French made three major assaults on research the German line: in the spring of 1915 in Artois; in the autumn of 1915 in oncommunity Champagne; and in the spring of on a of mythology 1917 on oncommunity the Aisne (the 'Nivelle Offensive'). These attacks were characterized by the intensity of the fighting and the absence of achievement. Little ground was gained. No positions of strategic significance were captured. Casualties were severe.

The failure of the Nivelle Offensive led to essay science, a serious breakdown of morale in the French army. For much of the rest of essay oncommunity 1917 it was incapable of major offensive action. The British fared little better. Although their armies avoided mutiny they came no closer to breaching the jobs German line. During the essay battles of the Somme (1 July19 November 1916) and the Third Battle of Ypres (31 July-12 November 1917) they inflicted great losses on the German army at great cost to essay science of mythology, themselves, but the oncommunity German line held and no end to the war appeared in sight. The final phase of the war in the west lasted from 21 March until 11 November 1918. This saw Germany once more attempt to achieve victory with a knock-out blow and hooks for persuasive, once more fail.

The German attacks used sophisticated new artillery and infantry tactics. They enjoyed spectacular success. Essay. The British 5th Army on the Somme suffered a major defeat. But the answering essay english British line held in front of Amiens and later to essay oncommunity, the north in front of Ypres. Embezzlement Research. No real strategic damage was done. Essay. By midsummer the German attacks had petered out. The German offensive broke the trench deadlock and returned movement and man#156;uvre to the strategic agenda. Examples Of Methodology In Research Paper. It also compelled closer Allied military co-operation under a French generalissimo, General Ferdinand Foch.

The Allied counter-offensive began in July. At the Battle of essay oncommunity Amiens, on examples of methodology section paper 8 August, the British struck the essay German army a severe blow. For the examples of methodology paper rest of the war in the west the Germans were in retreat. On the essay Eastern Front in quote essay prompt Galicia and Russian Poland the Germans and their Austrian allies fought the gallant but disorganized armies of Russia. Here the distances involved were very great. Artillery densities were correspondingly less. Man#156;uvre was always possible and cavalry could operate effectively. This did nothing to lessen casualties, which were greater even than those on the Western Front. The war in the east was shaped by German strength, Austrian weakness, and Russian determination. German military superiority was apparent from the start of the oncommunity war. The Russians suffered two crushing defeats in answering essay 1914, at Tannenberg (26-31 August) and the Masurian Lakes (5-15 September).

These victories ensured the essay security of Germany's eastern frontiers for the rest of the war. They also established the military legend of research paper Field-Marshal Paul von Hindenburg and General Erich Ludendorff, who emerged as principal directors of the German war effort in essay oncommunity the autumn of 1916. By September 1915 the Russians had been driven out of Poland, Lithuania, and Courland. Austro-German armies occupied Warsaw and the Russian frontier fortresses of Ivangorod, Kovno, Novo-Georgievsk, and Brest-Litovsk. These defeats proved costly to Russia. They also proved costly to Austria.

Austria had a disastrous war. Italian entry into the war compelled the Austrians to fight an three fronts: against Serbia in the Balkans; against hooks for persuasive essays Russia in Galicia; against Italy in the Trentino. Essay. This proved too much for Austrian strength. Their war effort was characterized by dependency on Germany. Germans complained that they were shackled to the 'Austrian corpse'. The war exacerbated the essay on a science Austro-Hungarian Empire's many ethnic and oncommunity, national tensions. By 1918 Austria was weary of the war and essays, desperate for peace. This had a major influence on the German decision to seek a victory in the west in the spring of 1918. Perceptions of the Russian war effort have been overshadowed by the October Revolution of essay oncommunity 1917 and by Bolshevik 'revolutionary defeatism' which acquiesced in the punitive Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (14 March 1918) and took Russia out of the war. Examples In Research. This has obscured the astonishing Russian determination to oncommunity, keep faith with the Franco-British alliance. Without the Russian contribution in embezzlement research paper the east it is far from certain that Germany could have been defeated in the west.

The unhesitating Russian willingness to aid their western allies is nowhere more apparent than in the 'Brusilov Offensive' (June-September 1916), which resulted in the capture of the Bukovina and large parts of essay oncommunity Galicia, as well as 350,000 Austrian prisoners, but at a cost to Russia which ultimately proved mortal. In southern Europe the Italian army fought eleven indecisive battles in an attempt to dislodge the Austrians from their mountain strongholds beyond the Isonzo river. In October 1917 Austrian reinforcement by seven German divisions resulted in a major Italian defeat at Caporetto. The Italians were pushed back beyond the Piave. This defeat produced changes in the Italian high command. During 1918 Italy discovered a new unity of purpose and a greater degree of organization.

On 24 October 1918 Italian and British forces recrossed the Piave and split the Austrian armies in two at Vittorio Veneto. Of Methodology Section In Research. Austrian retreat turned into rout and then into surrender. In the Balkans the Serbs fought the Austrians and Bulgarians, suffering massive casualties, including the highest proportion of servicemen killed of oncommunity any belligerent power. In October 1915 a Franco-British army was sent to essay english, Macedonia to operate against essay the Bulgarians. It struggled to have any influence on the war. The Germans mocked it and declared Salonika to be the biggest internment camp in Europe, but the French and British eventually broke out of the malarial plains into the mountainous valleys of the Vardar and Struma rivers before inflicting defeat on answering essay questions Bulgaria in the autumn of 1918. In the Middle East British armies fought the Turks in a major conflict with far-reaching consequences. Essay Oncommunity. Here the war was characterized by the doggedness of Turkish resistance and by the constant struggle against climate, terrain, and disease. Research Paper. The British attempted to knock Turkey out essay oncommunity of the war with an quote essay attack on the Gallipoli peninsula in April 1915, but were compelled to withdraw at the end of the year, having failed to break out from their narrow beach-heads in the face of stubborn Turkish resistance, coordinated by a German general, Liman von Sanders.

The British also suffered another humiliating reverse in Mesopotamia when a small army commanded by Major-General C. Essay. V. F. Townshend advanced to Ctesiphon but outran its supplies and was compelled to surrender at Kut-al-Amara in April 1916. Only after the appointment of examples section paper Sir Stanley Maude to oncommunity, the command of British forces in Mesopotamia did Britain's superior military and economic strength begin to answering essay, assert itself. Maude's forces captured Baghdad in March 1917, the first clear-cut British victory of the war. The following June General Sir Edmund Allenby was appointed to command British forces in Egypt. He captured Jerusalem by Christmas and in September 1918 annihilated Turkish forces in Palestine. Turkey surrendered on 31 October 1918. The war also found its way to tropical Africa. Germany's colonies in West and south-west Africa succumbed to British and South African forces by oncommunity, the spring of embezzlement 1915. In East Africa, however, a German army of locally raised black African soldiers commanded by Colonel Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck conducted a brilliant guerrilla campaign, leading over 100,000 British and South African troops a merry dance through the bush and essay, surrendering only after the defeat of Germany in Europe became known. On and under the oceans of the world, Great Britain and Germany contested naval supremacy. Surface battles took place in the Pacific, the south Atlantic, and the North Sea.

The British generally had the better of these despite suffering some disappointments, notably at Coronel (1 November 1914) and about time jobs, Jutland (31 May-1 June 1916), the only major fleet engagement, during which Admiral Sir John Jellicoe failed to deliver the essay oncommunity expected Nelsonic victory of total annihilation. Submarine warfare took place in the North Sea, the Black Sea, the essays Atlantic, the oncommunity Mediterranean, and essay science, the Baltic. German resort to unrestricted submarine warfare (February 1917) brought Britain to the verge of ruin. Oncommunity. German violation of international law and sinking of American ships also helped bring the of methodology section United States into the war on the Allied side. The British naval blockade of Germany, massively reinforced by the Americans from April 1917, played an important role in German defeat. The geographical scale of the conflict made it very difficult for essay political and military leaders to control events. The obligations of coalition inhibited strategic independence.

Short-term military needs often forced the great powers to about part, allow lesser states a degree of licence they would not have enjoyed in peacetime. Governments' deliberate arousal of popular passions made suggestions of compromise seem treasonable. The ever-rising cost of the military means inflated the political ends. Hopes of a peaceful new world order began to replace old diplomatic abstractions such as 'the balance of power'. Rationality went out of season.

War aims were obscured. Strategies were distorted. Great Britain entered the war on proclaimed principles of international law and in essay defence of the rights of small nations. By 1918 the British government was pursuing a Middle Eastern policy of naked imperialism (in collaboration with the French), while simultaneously encouraging the aspirations of of methodology Arab nationalism and promising support for the establishment of a Jewish national home in essay Palestine. It was truly a war of effective hooks for persuasive illusions. Europe's political and military leaders have been subjected to oncommunity, much retrospective criticism for their belief that the #145;war would be over by Christmas'. This belief was not based on complacency. Even those who predicted with chilling accuracy the murderous nature of First World War battlefields, such as the Polish banker Jan Bloch, expected the quote essay prompt war to be short. This was because they also expected it to essay oncommunity, be brutal and costly, in both blood and treasure. Essay On A Science Of Mythology. No state could be expected to sustain such a war for oncommunity very long without disastrous consequences. The war which gave the lie to these assumptions was the American Civil War.

This had been studied by European military observers at close quarters. Essay Science Of Mythology. Most, however, dismissed it. This was particularly true of the Prussians. Their own military experience in the wars against Austria (1866) and essay oncommunity, France (1870-1) seemed more relevant and compelling. These wars were both short. Examples Section Paper. They were also instrumental. In 1914 the Germans sought to replicate the success of their Prussian predecessors. They aimed to fight a 'cabinet war' on the Bismarckian model. Oncommunity. To do so they developed a plan of breath-taking recklessness which depended on effective for persuasive the ability of the German army to defeat France in the thirty-nine days allowed for a war in the west.

Strategic conduct of the First World War was dominated by German attempts to achieve victory through knock-out blows. Erich von Falkenhayn, German commander-in-chief from September 1914 until August 1916, was almost alone in his belief that Germany could obtain an outcome to the war satisfactory to its interests and those of oncommunity its allies without winning smashing victories of total annihilation. Answering Essay English. His bloody attempt to win the war by attrition at Verdun in 1916 did little to essay oncommunity, recommend the strategy to his fellow countrymen. The preference for knock-out blows remained. It was inherited from German history and was central to Germany's pre-war planning. Pre-war German strategy was haunted by the fear of a war on two fronts, against France in the west and Russia in the east.

The possibility of a diplomatic solution to this dilemma was barely considered by the military-dominated German government. Embezzlement Research Paper. A military solution was sought instead. The German high command decided that the oncommunity best form of defence was attack. They would avoid a war on embezzlement two fronts by oncommunity, knocking out one of their enemies before the other could take the about time jobs field. Oncommunity. The enemy with the slowest military mobilization was Russia. The French army would be in the field first. France was therefore chosen to receive the first blow.

Once France was defeated the German armies would turn east and defeat Russia. The Schlieffen Plan rested on two assumptions: that it would take the Russians six weeks to put an army into the field; and that six weeks was long enough to defeat France. By 1914 the first assumption was untrue: Russia put an army into effective hooks for persuasive essays, the field in oncommunity fifteen days. The second assumption left no margin for error, no allowance for the inevitable friction of war, and was always improbable. The failure of the Schlieffen Plan gave the First World War its essential shape.

This was maintained by the enduring power of the German army, which was, in John Terraine's phrase, 'the motor of the war'. The German army was a potent instrument. It had played a historic role in part the emergence of the German state. It enjoyed enormous prestige. It was able to recruit men of talent and dedication as officers and NCOs. As a result it was well trained and well led. It had the political power to oncommunity, command the resources of Germany's powerful industrial economy. Germany's position at the heart of Europe meant that it could operate on interior lines of communication in a European war. The efficient German railway network permitted the movement of German troops quickly from front to front.

The superior speed of the locomotive over the ship frustrated Allied attempts to use their command of the sea to operate effectively against the periphery of the Central Powers. Science Of Mythology. The power of the German army was the fundamental strategic reality of the war. 'We cannot hope to win this war until we have defeated the German army,' wrote the commander-in-chief of the British Expeditionary Force, Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig. This was a judgement whose consequences some Allied political leaders were reluctant to embrace. The German army suffered from two important strategic difficulties. The first of these was the inability of the German political system to forge appropriate instruments of strategic control. The second was Great Britain. German government rested on the tortured personality of the Kaiser. It was riven by essay, intrigue and indecision.

The kind of centralized decision-making structures which eventually evolved in Britain and France (though not in Russia) failed to evolve in Germany. When the Kaiser proved incapable of coordinating German strategy, he was replaced not by a system but by other individuals, seemingly more effective. Field Marshal Paul von Hindenburg radiated calm and inspired confidence. This gave him the appearance of a great man but without the substance. Questions. General Erich Ludendorff was a military technocrat of outstanding talent, but he was highly strung and essay oncommunity, without political judgement. Answering Essay Questions English. In 1918 his offensive strategy brought Germany to ruin. The failure to develop effective mechanisms of strategic control applied equally to the Austro-German alliance. The Austrians depended on German military and economic strength, but the Germans found it difficult to turn this into 'leverage'. Austria was willing to take German help but not German advice.

Only after the crushing reverses inflicted by Brusilov's offensive did the Austrians submit to German strategic direction. By then it was almost certainly too late. Germany's pre-war strategic planning was based entirely on winning a short war. British belligerency made this unlikely. The British were a naval rather than a military power. They could not be defeated by the German army, at least not quickly. Oncommunity. The British could, if necessary, hold out even after their Continental allies had been defeated.

They might even have chosen to do this. They had in the past and they would again in the not-too-distant future. The German navy was too weak to defeat the British, but large enough to make them resentful and suspicious of German policy; it ought never to have been built. British entry into the war dramatically shifted the economic balance in favour of the Allies. Britain was one of the answering essay world's great industrial powers. Seventy-five per cent of the essay world's shipping was British built and much of it British owned.

London was the world's greatest money and commodities market. British access to world supplies of food and credit and to imperial resources of manpower made them a formidable enemy, despite the 'contemptible little army' which was all they could put into the field on the outbreak of war. From about mid-1916 onwards British economic, industrial, and manpower resources began to be fully mobilized. Germany was forced for the first time to confront the reality of material inferiority. Germany had increasingly to fight a war of scarcity, the Allies increasingly a war of abundance. French strategy was dominated by the German occupation of much of northern France and most of quote prompt Belgium. At its closest point the German line was less than 40 miles from Paris. A cautious, defensive strategy was politically unacceptable and psychologically impossible, at least during the first three years of the war. During 1914 and 1915 France sacrificed enormous numbers of men in oncommunity the attempt to evict the Germans. This was followed by the torment of Verdun, where the Germans deliberately attempted to 'bleed France white'.

French fears of essay science military inferiority were confirmed. If France was to prevail its allies would have to essay oncommunity, contribute in kind. For the British this was a radical departure from the historic norm and one which has appalled them ever since. British strategy became increasingly subordinated to the needs of the Franco-British alliance. The British fought the war as they had to, not as they wanted to. The British way in research paper warfare envisaged a largely naval war. A naval blockade would weaken Germany economically. If the German navy chose not to break the stranglehold Germany would lose the war. If it did choose to fight it would be annihilated.

British maritime superiority would be confirmed. Neutral opinion would be cowed. Essay Oncommunity. Fresh allies would be encouraged into the fight. On A Of Mythology. The blockade would be waged with greater ruthlessness. Military operations would be confined to the dispatch of a small professional expeditionary force to help the French. Essay Oncommunity. Remaining military forces would be employed on the periphery of the Central Powers remote from the German army, where it was believed they would exercise a strategic influence out of all proportion to their size. The British never really fought the war they envisaged. The branch of the British army which sent most observers to the American Civil War was the Corps of Royal Engineers.

And it was a Royal Engineers' officer, Lord Kitchener, who was one of the few European political and military leaders to recognize that the war would be long and require the complete mobilization of national resources. Kitchener was appointed Secretary of State for War on 5 August 1914. He doubted whether the French and the Russians were strong enough to defeat Germany without massive British military reinforcement. He immediately sought to raise a mass citizen army. Essays. There was an overwhelming popular response to his call to arms. Kitchener envisaged this new British army taking the field in 1917 after the French and Russian armies had rendered the German army ripe for defeat. They would be 'the last million men'. They would win the war and decide the peace.

For the British a satisfactory peace would be one which guaranteed the long-term security of the essay British Empire. This security was threatened as much by Britain's allies, France and section paper, Russia, as it was by Germany. It was imperative not only that the Allies win the war but also that Britain emerge from it as the dominant power. Kitchener's expectations were disappointed. By 1916 it was the French army which was ripe for essay defeat, not the German. But the obligations of the French alliance were inescapable. The British could not afford to acquiesce in a French defeat. French animosity and resentment would replace the valuable mutual understanding which had been achieved in the decade before the war.

The French had a great capacity for essay making imperial mischief. And so did the Russians. If they were abandoned they would have every reason for doing so. There seemed no choice. The ill-trained and ill-equipped British armies would have to take the field before they were ready and be forced to take a full part in the attrition of German military power. The casualties which this strategy of 'offensive attrition' involved were unprecedented in British history. They were also unacceptable to some British political leaders.

Winston Churchill and David Lloyd George (Prime Minister from December 1916), in particular, were opposed to the British army 'chewing barbed wire' on the Western Front. They looked to use it elsewhere, against Germany's allies in the eastern Mediterranean, the Middle East, and the Balkans. Their attempts to do this were inhibited by the need to keep France in the war. This could only be done in France and by fighting the German army. Oncommunity. They were also inhibited by the war's operational and examples paper, tactical realities. These imposed themselves on Gallipoli and in Salonika and in Italy just as they did on essay the Western Front. Attempts to implement an Allied grand strategy enjoyed some success. Allied political and military leaders met regularly. At Chantilly in December 1915 and December 1916 they determined to about time, stretch the German army to its limits by simultaneous offensive action on the western, eastern, and Italian fronts. A Supreme Allied War Council was established at Versailles on 27 November 1917, and was given the power to control Allied reserves. Franco-British co-operation was especially close.

This was largely a matter of practical necessity which relied on the mutual respect and understanding between French and British commanders-in-chief on the Western Front. The system worked well until the German Spring Offensive of 1918 threatened to divide the Allies. Only then was it replaced by a more formal structure. But not even this attained the oncommunity levels of joint planning and jobs, control which became a feature of Anglo-American co-operation in the Second World War. Allied grand strategy was conceptually sound. Essay. The problems which it encountered were not principally ones of planning or of co-ordination but of performance. Achieving operational effectiveness on the battlefield was what was difficult. Quote Prompt. This has given the war, especially the war in the west, its enduring image of oncommunity boneheaded commanders wantonly sacrificing the lives of their men in fruitless pursuit of impossibly grandiose strategic designs. The battlefields of the First World War were the product of a century of economic, social, and political change. Europe in 1914 was more populous, more wealthy, and more coherently organized than ever before. Research Paper. The rise of nationalism gave states unprecedented legitimacy and authority.

This allowed them to demand greater sacrifices from their civilian populations. Improvements in agriculture reduced the numbers needed to work on the land and provided a surplus of males of military age. Essay. They also allowed larger and larger armies to hooks, be fed and kept in the field for oncommunity years at a time. Changes in administrative practice brought about by the electric telegraph, the telephone, the typewriter, and the growth of railways allowed these armies to be assembled and deployed quickly. Industrial technology provided new weapons of unprecedented destructiveness. Quick-firing rifled cannon, breech-loading magazine rifles, and essays part time jobs, machine-guns transformed the oncommunity range, rapidity, accuracy, and deadliness of military firepower. They also ensured that in any future war, scientists, engineers, and mechanics would be as important as soldiers.

These changes did much to make the First World War the first 'modern war'. But it did not begin as one. The fact of a firepower revolution was understood in most European armies. The consequences of it were not. The experience of the examples of methodology section in research paper Russo-Japanese War (1904-5) appeared to offer a human solution to the problems of the technological battlefield. Victory would go to the side with the best-trained, most disciplined army, commanded by generals of essay iron resolution, prepared to maintain the offensive in the face of huge losses.

As a result the opening battles of the prompt war were closer in conception and execution to essay oncommunity, those of the Napoleonic era than to quote essay prompt, the battles of 1916 onwards. It is difficult to say exactly when 'modern' war began, but it was apparent by the end of essay oncommunity 1915 that pre-war assumptions were false. Well-trained, highly disciplined French, German, and essay english, Russian soldiers of high morale were repeatedly flung into battle by commanders of iron resolve. The results were barren of strategic achievement. The human costs were immense. Essay. The 'human solution' was not enough. The search for a technological solution was inhibited not only by the tenacity of pre-war concepts but also by the limitations of the technology itself.

The principal instrument of essay education was artillery. And the mode of instruction was experience. Shell-fire was merciless to essay, troops in the open. The response was to get out of the open and into the ground. Soldiers did not dig trenches out of perversity in order to be cold, wet, rat-infested, and lice-ridden.

They dug them in order to survive. The major tactical problem of the war became how to break these trench lines once they were established and reinforced. For much of the war artillery lacked the answering essay english ability to find enemy targets, to hit them accurately, and to destroy them effectively. Contemporary technology failed to essay oncommunity, provide a man-portable wireless. In Research. Communication for most of the war was dependent on telephone or telegraph wires. These were always broken by shell-fire and difficult to essay oncommunity, protect. Artillery and infantry commanders were rarely in voice communication and both usually lacked 'real time' intelligence of battlefield events; First World War infantry commanders could not easily call down artillery fire when confronted by an enemy obstruction. As a result the coordination of quote essay infantry and artillery was very difficult and often impossible. Infantry commanders were forced to essay oncommunity, fall back on their own firepower and this was often inadequate. The infantry usually found itself with too much to do, and for persuasive essays, paid a high price for its weakness. Artillery was not only a major part of the problem, however.

It was also a major part of the solution. During 1918 Allied artillery on the western front emerged as a formidable weapon. Essay. Target acquisition was transformed by aerial photographic reconnaissance and the sophisticated techniques of flash-spotting and sound-ranging. These allowed mathematically predicted fire, or map-shooting. The pre-registration of guns on enemy targets by actual firing was no longer necessary. The possibility of surprise returned to the battlefield. Accuracy was greatly improved by maintaining operating histories for individual guns. Battery commanders were supplied with detailed weather forecasts every four hours. Each gun could now be individually calibrated according to its own peculiarities and according to wind speed and direction, temperature, and humidity. All types and calibres of guns, including heavy siege howitzers whose steep angle of fire was especially effective in trench warfare, became available in virtually unlimited numbers.

Munitions were also improved. Science Of Mythology. Poison gas shells became available for the first time in large numbers. High explosive replaced shrapnel, a devastating anti-personnel weapon but largely ineffective against essay the earthworks, barbed wire entanglements, and concrete machine-gun emplacements which the infantry had to assault. Instantaneous percussion fuses concentrated the explosive effect of shells more effectively against barbed wire and reduced the cratering of the battlefield which had often rendered the forward movement of supplies and reinforcements difficult if not impossible. Artillery-infantry co-operation was radically improved by aerial fire control. The tactical uses to which this destructive instrument were put also changed. In 1915, 1916, and for much of examples paper 1917 artillery was used principally to essay oncommunity, kill enemy soldiers. It always did so, sometimes in large numbers.

But it always spared some, even in front-line trenches. These were often enough, as during the first day of the Battle of the Somme (1 July 1916), to inflict disastrous casualties on attacking infantry and essay on a science of mythology, bring an entire offensive to essay oncommunity, a halt. Essay Questions English. From the essay oncommunity autumn of 1917 and during 1918, however, artillery was principally used to suppress enemy defences. Effective Hooks For Persuasive. Command posts, telephone exchanges, crossroads, supply dumps, forming-up areas, and gun batteries were targeted. Effective use was made of essay poison gas, both lethal and lachrymatory, and smoke. The aim was to disrupt the enemy's command and control system and keep his soldiers' heads down until attacking infantry could close with them and bring their own firepower to bear. The attacking infantry were also transformed. Essays Part Time. In 1914 the British soldier went to war dressed like a gamekeeper in a soft cap, armed only with rifle and oncommunity, bayonet. In 1918 he went into battle dressed like an industrial worker in a steel helmet, protected by essay of mythology, a respirator against poison gas, armed with automatic weapons and mortars, supported by tanks and ground-attack aircraft, and preceded by a creeping artillery barrage of crushing intensity. Firepower replaced manpower as the instrument of victory. This represented a revolution in the conduct of war.

The ever-increasing material superiority of the essay western Allies confronted the embezzlement research German army with major problems. Its response was organizational. As early as 1915 even the weakly armed British proved that they could always break into the German front-line trenches. The solution was to deepen the trench system and limit the number of infantry in the front line, where they were inviting targets for enemy artillery. The burden of defence rested on essay oncommunity machine-gunners carefully sited half a mile or so behind the front line. From the research autumn of 1916 the Germans took these changes to their logical conclusion by instituting a system of 'elastic defence in depth'.

The German front line was sited where possible on a reverse slope to make enemy artillery observation difficult. A formal front-line trench system was abandoned. The German first line consisted of machine-gunners located in shell-holes, difficult to detect from the air. Their job was to disrupt an enemy infantry assault. This would then be drawn deep into essay, the German position, beyond the supporting fire of examples of methodology in research paper its own guns, where it would be counter-attacked and destroyed by the bulk of the German infantry and artillery. This system allowed the Germans to oncommunity, survive against an Allied manpower superiority of more than 3:2 on the Western Front throughout 1917 and to inflict significant losses on their enemies. The German system required intelligent and effective essays, well-trained as well as brave soldiers to make it work.

An increasing emphasis was placed on individual initiative, surprise, and essay, speed. In 1918 specially trained #145;stormtroops', supported by a hurricane bombardment designed to disrupt their enemies' lines of essay communication and their command and control systems, were ordered to bypass points of resistance and advance deep into the enemy's rear. The success they enjoyed was dramatic, and much greater than anything achieved by essay oncommunity, the French and British, but it was not enough. Embezzlement Research. Attacking German infantry could not maintain the momentum and inflict upon enemy commanders the kind of essay moral paralysis achieved by German armoured forces in 1940. The Allied line held and exhausted German infantry were eventually forced back by the accumulating weight and embezzlement paper, increasing sophistication of Allied material technology. The material solution to the problems of the First World War battlefield, favoured by the western Allies, was not in essay oncommunity the gift of soldiers alone. It depended on the ability of the armes' host societies to produce improved military technology in ever-greater amounts. This, in turn, depended on the effectiveness of their political institutions and the quality of their civilian morale. It was a contest at which the liberal democracies of France and Great Britain (and eventually the United States of essay prompt America) proved more adept than the authoritarian regimes of Austria-Hungary, Germany, and essay, Russia.

The 'modern war' fought from 1916 onwards resolved itself simply into a demand for more: more men, more weapons, more ammunition, more money, more skills, more morale, more food. Some of the demands were contradictory. More men meant more men for the armies and more men for the factories. Balancing the effective hooks competing demands was never easy. 'Manpower' (a word first coined in 1915) became central to the war effort of all states. The Allies were in a much stronger position than Germany. They had access not only to their home populations but also to those of their empires. 630,000 Canadians, 412,000 Australians, 136,000 South Africans, and 130,000 New Zealanders served in the British army during the war. Very large numbers of Indian troops (800,000 in Mesopotamia alone) and a small number of Africans (perhaps 50,000) also served. (The British also employed several hundred thousand Chinese labourers to work on their lines of communication.) The French recruited some 600,000 combat troops from essay, North and West Africa and a further 200,000 labourers. About Time Jobs. And of course there were the Americans. Essay. American troops arrived in France at the rate of 150,000 a month in 1918. Quote Essay Prompt. Truly the new world had come in to redress the balance of the oncommunity old.

The British and French were particularly successful in mobilizing their economies. In Britain this had much to embezzlement, do with the work of David Lloyd George as Minister of Munitions (May 1915-July 1916). The grip of the skilled trade unions on industrial processes was relaxed. Ancient lines of demarcation were blurred. Women replaced men in essay the factories. Research and development were given a proper place in industrial strategy. Examples Section In Research. Prodigies of production were achieved. On 10 March 1915, at the Battle of Neuve Chapelle, the oncommunity British Expeditionary Force struggled to accumulate enough shells for half an hour's bombardment. In the autumn of 1918 its 18-pounder field guns were firing a minimum of examples section 100,000 rounds a day. The French performance was, in many ways, even more impressive, given that so much of their industrial capacity was in German hands.

Not only did the French economy supply the French army with increasing amounts of old and new weaponry, but it also supplied most of the American Expeditionary Force's artillery and aeroplanes. The French aircraft industry was, arguably, the best in Europe and provided some of the leading aircraft of the essay war, including the Nieuport and the SPAD VII. Morale was also a key factor. All sides tried to explain and justify the war and used increasingly refined techniques of propaganda to questions, maintain commitment to the cause. Giving the impression of adversity shared equally among the classes became a key theme.

One of the major threats to this was the equality of access to food supplies. In Germany this proved increasingly difficult to essay oncommunity, maintain. Morale deteriorated and industrial efficiency suffered as a result. British agriculture did not perform particularly well during the war, but British maritime superiority and financial power allowed them to command the agricultural resources of North and South America and Australasia. Food was one of the Allies#146; principal war-winning weapons. The degree of answering active resistance to the war was low in most countries. But war-weariness set in everywhere by 1917. There were many strikes and much industrial unrest.

In Russia this was severe enough to produce a revolution and then a Bolshevik coup d#146;tat which took Russia out of the war in 1918. The social consequences of this mass mobilization were less spectacular than is oncommunity sometimes claimed. There were advances for the organized working class, especially its trade unions, especially in Britain, and arguably for women, but the working class of Europe paid a high price on essay the battlefield for social advances at essay oncommunity, home. And in the defeated states there was very little social advance anyway. The First World War redrew the map of Europe and the Middle East. About Part. Four great empires, the Romanov, the Hohenzollern, the Habsburg, and the Ottoman, were defeated and collapsed. They were replaced by oncommunity, a number of weak and sometimes avaricious successor states. Hooks For Persuasive. Russia underwent a bloody civil war before the establishment of a Communist Soviet Union which put it beyond the pale of essay oncommunity European diplomacy for a generation.

Germany became a republic branded at its birth with the stigma of defeat, increasingly weakened by the burden of Allied reparations and by inflation. France recovered the provinces of Alsace and Lorraine, but continued to be haunted by fear and loathing of Germany. Embezzlement. Italy was disappointed by the territorial rewards of its military sacrifice. This provided fertile soil for Mussolini's Fascists, who had overthrown parliamentary democracy by 1924. The British maintained the integrity and independence of Belgium.

They also acquired huge increases in imperial territory and imperial obligation. But they did not achieve the security for the Empire which they sought. Essay Oncommunity. The white dominions were unimpressed by the quality of British military leadership. The First World War saw them mature as independent nations seeking increasingly to go their own way. The stirrings of revolt in India were apparent as soon as the war ended. In 1922 the British were forced, under American pressure, to abandon the Anglo-Japanese alliance, so useful to them in protecting their Far Eastern empire.

They were also forced to accept naval parity with the Americans and a bare superiority over essay on a of mythology the Japanese. 'This is not a peace,' Marshal Foch declared in 1919, 'but an armistice for twenty-five years.' The cost of essay all this in human terms was 8.5 million dead and 21 million wounded out of some 65 million men mobilized. The losses among particular groups, especially young, educated middle-class males, were often severe, but the demographic shape of Europe was not fundamentally changed. The real impact was moral. The losses struck a blow at European self-confidence and quote essay, pretension to superior civilization. It was a blow, perhaps, whose consequences have not even now fully unfolded. From The Oxford Illustrated History of Modern War . Ed. Charles Townshend. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1997.

Copyright © 1997 by essay oncommunity, Oxford University Press.

Food Service (Waitress Waiter) Resume Samples. Click the oncommunity images to expand the resumes to a larger size. We have three resumes, and detailed explanations for how to write your own below. If you are an entry-level candidate (or have never been a waiter before), click here. If you need a food service cover letter, click here. Attention line cooks, prep cooks, chefs, and other food service workers — Don’t see your job here? Please view our full list of food service resume samples here. Click here to download.

This MS Word Food Service Resume. Food Service Resumes (Text Versions Quick Facts) Restaurant Server (Chrono) Candidate uses a Reverse-Chronological resume format, and introduces the resume with a strong Career Objective Candidate emphasizes 7+ years of effective for persuasive essays, experience, and presents hard numerical evidence to prove she are a strong salesperson Candidate emphasizes depth of wine and entree knowledge to play up her competence. RESTAURANT SERVER (REVERSE-CHRONOLOGICAL) 8870 Haven Street, Bloomington, IN 44590(141)-212-5465. Food Service Worker with 7+ years of oncommunity, experience in food preparation and service, and a certificate in Food Handling and Safety. Embezzlement! Possesses a keen knowledge of wines, entrees, and the responsibilities of a successful restaurateur. Essay! Faithfully adhere to quote essay prompt the highest standards of hygiene, quality and customer service. Aiming to leverage my knowledge to effectively perform a management position at your restaurant. RIVERSIDE RESTAURANT Chicago, IL.

Food Service Worker September 2011 – Present. Memorized restaurant’s wine stock and the meals they should accompany, leading to daily wine sales averaging $150, fully 20% higher than company average Write patrons’ food orders on slips, memorize orders, or enter orders into computers for oncommunity transmittal to essay english kitchen staff in a 150+ seat restaurant Clean all work areas, equipment, utensils, dishes, and silverware and ensure they are stored appropriately in accordance to oncommunity state law. Perform food preparation duties such as preparing salads, appetizers, and cold dishes, portioning salads, and brewing coffee in a fast-paced line kitchen. CARRABBA’S ITALIAN GRILL Chicago, IL. Trainee Food Service Worker August 2007 – July 2011. Present menus to patrons and answer questions about menu items, making recommendations upon request in a 70+ seat restaurant Assisted host or hostess by effective answering phones to oncommunity take reservations or to-go orders, and by essay greeting, seating, and thanking guests Stored food in designated containers and storage areas to essay prevent spoilage and increase shelf life Presented wine samples for guests to taste and opened the about part jobs bottles for them upon essay oncommunity their approval Served food and beverages to essays about part patrons, and prepared or served specialty dishes at tables as required. Certificate in Food Handling and Safety, June 2008. Bachelor of Arts Degree in Culinary Arts, June 2007.

Team worker who is essay able to adapt in highly dynamic and changing situations. Excellent problem solving and communication skills, with a focus on customer service Familiarity with Point of about time, Sale terminals Bilingual (Spanish/English) Candidate uses a Combination resume format to emphasize achievements and skills, beginning with a Professional Profile introduction to present critical and relevant information Candidate bolds key waitressing skill keywords in the Professional Profile section, and lists her achievements after them Candidate emphasizes her ability to “upsell” customers on alcoholic beverages. Three Key Server Waitress Skills: 1. Salesmanship: Ability to essay convince customers to make extra purchases by persuasively presenting entree wine pairings, selling desserts, and convincing patrons to return to the establishment. 2. Communication: Ability to host, entertain, small talk, and speak fluidly in front of strangers at length. Ability to essay on a of mythology work together with other food service workers as a team, often working in pairs for essay oncommunity bigger tables. Ability to about part jobs keep a cool head when dealing with irate customers. 3. Management: Ability to teach new hosts and waiters how to present menu items, how to oncommunity use Point of Sale (POS) Terminals, and answering essay questions english test trainees for memorization of food ingredients.

Project Execution: Implemented new menu introduction strategies, increasing customer purchases of wine by essay oncommunity 10% on average Management: Assisted in the training of 6 new waiters, ensuring attention to paper detail and comprehensive understanding of restaurant methodology and practices Awards and Recognition: Frequently praised for oncommunity excellent service on restaurant online rating system Salesmanship: Deep and broad knowledge of wines and appropriate entree pairings Communication: Fluent in hooks essays English and Spanish – Excellent verbal and written skills. Familiarity with Point of Sale (POS) and common restaurant machinery Able to memorize entire menu within a day, including ingredient combinations Proven ability to “upsell” alcohol, dessert, and appetizers to essay oncommunity customers Bilingual Spanish and English. Waitress | Los Angeles, CA | 2012 – Present. Memorized restaurant’s wine stock and hooks appropriate entree pairings, leading to daily wine sales averaging $180, fully 15% higher than company average Wrote patron’s food orders on slips, memorized orders, and managed food resources in a 120+ seat restaurant Operated POS terminals to input customer orders, swipe credit cards, and enter cash amounts received Received in-depth training for proper food handing techniques, including proper freezer placement, appropriate soup temperatures, and equipment cleaning processes. Hostess Waitress | Los Angeles, CA | 2010 – 2012.

Awarded “Employee of the Month” two months consecutively Bussed tables, presented menus, seated customers, and essay assisted waiters with drink orders Trained 3 new hosts in hooks essays providing excellent customer service and essay conflict resolution techniques. Florida State University, Orlando, FL. Bachelor of Arts in English, May 2008. Three Transferable Skills for Food Service: 1. Essay! Customer Interactivity: If you have ever had any experience dealing with customers (whether you were scooping ice cream, greeting people at a front desk, operating a ticket booth, etc.), this type of experience is transferable into any other customer service job.

2. Technical: Have you ever swiped a credit card, operated a Point of essay, Sale (POS) Terminal, or re-stocked receipt paper? All of these skills are transferable into food service. 3. Effective Essays! Communication: Bilingual ability, especially Spanish, will help your food service career chances significantly. If you’ve ever had a job where you’ve had to essay speak in front of other people, that kind of hooks essays, communication ability is considered transferable. 534 Shelby Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 24542 * (433) 623-6234 * [emailprotected]

Superior salesmanship skills, consistently outperforming company peers Friendly, outgoing, and charismatic personality well suited for essay a fast paced, customer service oriented restaurant Experience with Point of Sale (POS) Terminals, with excellent basic math skills Working knowledge of wines, cocktail mixes, and other bartending skills Conversational in Spanish. Awarded “Employee of the Month” for consistently making achieving 15% above target sales Perfected menu presentation skills, providing customers a holistic understanding of the restaurant offerings, leading to embezzlement paper more sales Trained 4 underperforming waiters in salesmanship methodology, increasing their sales to meet company average. Experience with 3 types of POS Terminals, receipt roll replacement, and coffee machine cleaning Familiarity with common restaurant bread cutting machines, dishwashers, and essay knowledge of equipment cleaning processes Excellent basic math skills, able to calculate and split bills in the event of POS Terminal downtime. Consistently scored over 90% satisfaction rating on essay questions english, customer feedback surveys Conversational in Spanish (able to take orders from Spanish speaking customers.) Possess excellent conflict resolution skills in essay the event of customer dissatisfaction. University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Bachelor of Science in quote prompt Marketing, May 2005. 4 Steps to Writing the Ultimate Server Resume. “Food service” encompasses many different roles within a restaurant, cafeteria, or other food service establishment, such as waiters and servers, line cooks, bartenders, hosts and oncommunity hostesses, and busboys.

A waiter takes orders from answering essay english, a happy couple. These roles fall into what are called the “front end” (customer service) and the “back end” (food preparation) of the establishments. This resume is relevant to those of you with “front end” server experience. We will teach you why this is an essay oncommunity, excellent resume, and embezzlement research how you can write your own in essay a similar fashion. As a professional food service worker, you may currently be writing your resume in order to:

Find a new working environment Earn more money Attain a managerial role. Read this resume writing guide to ensure you achieve your goals. By the way be sure to quote prompt read our Resume Writing 10 Commandments to understand the essay major rules that all resumes need to follow, including server resumes. If this seems difficult, you can always create a food service resume in embezzlement research minutes with our widely praised resume maker. 1. Include These Key Server, Waitress, and Waiter Skills. For some quick help, here are the key aspects you need to essay include on examples section paper, a server resume.

Restaurant hiring managers will be looking for these specific traits to decide if you’re a worthwhile candidate. Be sure to include these key server skills on essay oncommunity, your resume. Keep in essay on a mind that if you have any food service certifications, such as a Certification in Food Handling and Safety, you should place it at essay, the top of your resume. If you don’t have any, you can land more interviews and potentially increase your salary by in research paper earning one. The National Restaurant Association offers certifications here. 2. Write a Convincing Career Objective.

The first major section of your resume is called the Career Objective. This applicant’s Career Objective IMMEDIATELY puts her on the short list for an interview because she included relevant information throughout the oncommunity objective. There are four reasons this example has a strong Career Objective. Pay particular attention to examples section in research paper the bolded parts: 1st: It immediately states years of essay oncommunity, experience: 7+ years of experience in food preparation and service… 2nd: It indicates earned titles or certificates: Certificate in Food Handling and essay prompt Safety. 3rd: It emphasizes deep knowledge of the business: Keen knowledge of wines, entrees , and essay the responsibilities of a successful restauranteur.

4th: It states the position she wants to fill: “Aiming to…effectively perform a management position at your restaurant. “ In the eyes of a hiring manager, this applicant’s Career Objective IMMEDIATELY puts her on the short list for an interview because she included great resume builders throughout the objective. It is part also well written, and essay oncommunity targeted at the managerial role she wants to essay science fill. Good news! Food service manager roles are projected to increase by 11% through 2022. It’s very important to essay remember that the Career Objective does not relate to what YOU want from the job, but rather what you can do for the company . Research Paper! In this way, the applicant makes a convincing argument that she’d be an asset to essay oncommunity the company in a managerial role. Our step by step Career Objective writing guide can give you concrete ideas about how to time write your own. 3. Describe your Server Experience with Numbers. Adding numbers to oncommunity your job description bullet points will help the answering english hiring manager grasp the size and scope of your responsibilities, and give them a clearer mental picture of your experience. By quantifying your resume, it will immediately become better than the vast majority of essay, your competition. The easiest way to do this is to simply write how big your food establishment is, and how many seats it has.

The applicant does this twice for the two establishments she worked in, as you can see from the bolded text below: Write patrons’ food orders on slips, memorize orders, or enter orders into computers for transmittal to kitchen staff in a 150+ seat restaurant Present menus to patrons and answer questions about time jobs menu items, making recommendations upon request in a 70+ seat restaurant. Even by essay oncommunity making this simple addition, your resume will immediately be better than the vast majority of your competition. If you really want to blow away the hiring manager, you’ll need to do more complex research, like this example: Memorized restaurant’s wine stock and the meals they should accompany, leading to daily wine sales averaging $150, fully 20% higher than company average. Do you know how much you make in sales daily or monthly? You can expect to jobs make an essay oncommunity, average of $47,960 per years as a Food Service Manager. Most restaurants — especially big chains — will track their servers’ sales statistics for the purposes of budgeting (and, of course, to cajole low performers). Research Paper! You can ask your manager to see these statistics, and include them on your resume.

Even if you didn’t perform spectacularly (like the applicant), simply including this information in oncommunity your resume will indicate to the hiring manager that you are self-motivated and hard working. This is called writing an examples of methodology section, “achievement oriented” resume — and essay oncommunity these tend to examples paper land the most interviews. Bonus: Action Verbs for Your Server Resume. 4. Essay! Include Relevant Additional Skills. Your Additional Skills section should not list your hobbies and interests, unless they are relevant to the job. Being bilingual in in research paper Spanish and English is a valuable asset to have, especially for a managerial position. (For instance, a wine connoisseur would be a valuable asset to a restaurant that sells wine.)

Since you are a professional food service worker, regardless if you are crafting a server resume or one seeking a more supervisory role, you should definitely include these bullet points in oncommunity your Additional Skills section to build a stronger resume: Familiarity with Point of Sale terminals Problem solving and communication skills. If you also happen to be bilingual in effective Spanish and English, that also tends to be a valuable asset to have in a US based restaurant — especially for a managerial position. Candidate emphasizes having a Certification in Food Handling and oncommunity Safety Candidate places Education Section first due to having recent school experience Candidate mentions her high customer satisfaction rating. Getting the Education Section Right. All entry-level candidate resume must begin with the education section.

Although this candidate has had prior work experience, it was as a trainee, or as a part-time worker. The most important reason the applicant is in research considered entry-level is because she just recently graduated from community college . This applicant has educational experience related to food service (Certificate in Food Handling and Safety, BA in essay Food Science). Understandably, you may not — and that’s fine. If you have no experience whatsoever, you’ll need to write a very convincing cover letter that the employer should take a chance on you. The education section on essay questions english, an entry-level resume can be more detailed and whimsical than a professional resume , because it’s likely that you don’t have prior work experience.

The hiring manager will be interested to know if you are generally an active person or not. Essay! Therefore, you can include information about: Clubs you’ve joined Greek life you participate in Relevant coursework GPA (if above 3.5/4.0) Other Good Food Service Industry Samples. Waiter – Newjobs.com (Note: One of the few decent resume samples in this industry on the net. The Professional Experience section introductory paragraphs are a bit overdone, and could instead use more bullet points. Otherwise, this is a great sample.) Waiter- career-development-help.com (Note: A simple, but effective resume.

Has a well done “Professional Profile”.) Cook – CC.edu (Note: Overall an excellent resume, although the Work Experience section is not formatted very well.) Share Food Service (Waitress #038; Waiter) Resume Samples Our code geeks and on a of mythology HR experts are proud to introduce our new Free Resume Builder software to help you land more interviews in today’s competitive job market. We provide HR-approved resume templates, built-in job description bullet point phrases to choose from, and easy export to MS Word and PDF. Get awesome job opportunities sent directly to your inbox. By clicking Send Me Job Alerts, I agree to the Resume Genius Terms of Use and essay oncommunity Privacy Policy. Play the One-Minute Game That’ll Show You How to answering Improve Your Resume.

Think you can judge the essay quality of of mythology, a resume within 6 seconds? The answer may surprise you. Oncommunity! Put your skills to the test, and learn how to essay on a science of mythology make your resume 6 second worthy! 3 Reasons Why I Wouldn't Hire Tom Brady. Tom Brady’s resume is a couple yards short of a touchdown. There are tons of errors throughout. See why. How to essay oncommunity Modify and essays about part time jobs Maximize your Resume Template.

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Resume Genius' builder, resources, advice and career tips are regularly featured on some of the world's leading online and essay offline publications including: Our code geeks and HR experts are proud to introduce our new Free Resume Builder software to help you land more interviews in today's competitive job market. HR-proven resume templates, built-in job description bullet point phrases to choose from, and quote essay easily export to MS Word and oncommunity PDF.

5 Tips to position yourself for Ivy League Masters. Nipun Dave is currently studying Electrical Engineering at IIT Bombay. He is Cofounder and the technical head at essay oncommunity two startups including a successful one which is presently developing a product for a renowned Indian bank. He is also the Convener of the U. Mashruwalla Innovation Cell (UMIC) at IIT Bombay. Nipun has secured admission for MS at Stanford from Fall 2009. Questions. In an essay, exclusive interview with MentorPolis, Nipun shares his secrets for admission in Ivy League for Masters. Mentorpolis: Nipun, first of hooks for persuasive essays, all congratulations for your great success. Can you share with us what stream are you going to study at Stanford? Nipun: Thanks for your wishes. I am planning to pursue MS in Electrical Engineering at Stanford.

Having done a bit of robotics, signal processing and data-security in the past, I will be open to exploring some of the other fields like wireless communications or Artificial Intelligence. Mentorpolis: What were your other options after Graduation, and why did you choose a MS? Why Stanford? Nipun: Some of my other options included joining Cisco or iRunway (a law firm) or Nokia (which has been funding my research at IIT Bombay) or continuing to oncommunity work in quote essay prompt, my startup in mobile banking. I could also have pursued a PhD at oncommunity EPFL from quote essay where I had received an essay oncommunity, invitation during my internship.

However, the state-of-the art research and facilities coupled with an entrepreneurial environment made me feel that this would be the best possible atmosphere where I could enhance my knowledge and skills to effective a greater extent. Essay Oncommunity. I have presently opted for examples of methodology, only MS and not a PhD as I would like to establish a startup of my own quickly. The MS option gives me the opportunity to explore the oncommunity, life there and to reevaluate my future plans without being restricted by a 4 year long PhD. Essays About Part Time. Mentorpolis: So, Nipun, How and When during your UG did you decide about oncommunity your decision to study further? Nipun: During my stay in answering essay questions, IIT, I did pursue active research in various fields. At the same time, I was also working in 2 startups. With each of the essay, two alternatives seeming equally appealing, I had been in a fix for the first 4 years here. The discussions with peers and seniors revealed the hooks essays, advantages and disadvantages of entering either domains. In the oncommunity, end, the external factors viz. the recession in the global market played a primarily role in my deciding to pursue higher education at essay science of mythology this stage.

Besides, the fact that the looming recession would create a better opportunity for oncommunity, the establishment of new technical startups in the future contributed to about part time jobs the same. I am planning to evaluate and essay, explore some of my entrepreneurial ideas while interacting with others at Stanford. Mentorpolis: Can you tell us about the Application Procedure, and the different components of the application? Nipun: The Applications process involves the following steps: Interact with your seniors and go through the university websites briefly to identify the potential universities that you might like to get into. These options could be filled in during the GRE and TOEFL exams. Part Time Jobs. Give the GRE exam. (My recommendation would be that people who are inclined to go for higher studies give the essay, GRE exam at least 6 months before they are actually begin their application process. This allows for some time cushion in case the scores are not that great.) Give the TOEFL exam at least 2 months before the beginning of the application process. Browse through the university websites in greater detail with a lot of essay on a of mythology, emphasis on oncommunity, the research work and the facilities available in each of the institutes. Discuss the hooks for persuasive, options with your project guides, mentors, sensible seniors who would give you an unbiased opinion about each of the universities. In case one is looking at pursuing higher studies in other countries apart from US, do identify the job opportunities available after graduation.

Simultaneously note down the admission requirements and oncommunity, the deadlines for each of the essays, universities. Identify at least 1 professor under whom you have a significant amount of project work for the purpose of a very strong recommendation. The other two recommendations could be from other profs in whose courses you might have excelled or under who guidance you must have done some additional project work. Essay Oncommunity. One of essay, them could also be from your supervisor at the company where you interned or from one of the mentors of the startup you might have worked in. Oncommunity. It is essay on a science of mythology extremely essential to essay oncommunity have two strong recommendation letters. Also do enquire with your recommenders if they could write a strong and positive recommendation for you. Start filling the forms at least 3 months before the actual submission deadline. Simultaneously start preparing your resume, statement of purpose and essays about part, any other essays that might be required. At least a month should be given so that your thoughts and passion can effectively percolate through your SOP. Get it read by not only your seniors but also by students studying in essay oncommunity, those universities as they have a better idea of what is expected in the SOP.

Once all the essay prompt, requirements are ready, complete the online form and also courier the essay oncommunity, documents. To avoid the last minute rush, plan to english finish this well before your semester exams begin. Also send reminders to oncommunity your recommenders that they should fill in the recommendation forms online. Periodically check the account setup for the admission process to verify if any of the documents are missing and if they recommenders have done their job. Also try to establish a healthy conversation with the professors under whom you would really love to work at each of those universities. However, if the professors do not respond it is still fine. Mentorpolis: If there are 5 tips which you would want to share with our mentees about positioning for an IVY league Masters, what would those be?

Follow your Passion: Go wherever your heart leads you rather than what others tell you. Your passion will bring out the time, best in you. Consistent Academic Performance: One must have a consistently excellent academic performance in the universities especially in the core courses. Broaden your horizons: The world has evolved to a stage where people who are Jack of all trades and Master of at essay least one are preferred. Effective Essays. Apart from delving deeper into your field on interest, explore the other disjoint fields too. With the increasing convergence in various fields, newer opportunities might present themselves only to those who are alert. Express yourself and your achievements: This is unfortunately something that most people are not comfortable with. The amount of work one might have done has no value unless they are able to convey it to others. This particular quality really comes out in your SOPs and the other essays and hence it is critical to develop this particular quality.

Research Papers: This definitely has a tremendous impact on your application. The preference order from the oncommunity, point of an application is Papers in Transactions, Journal Papers, International Conferences and finally National conferences. Mentorpolis: I hear there are many misconceptions among applicants with regards to minimum GRE scores, etc? Nipun: Some of the prevalent misconceptions are that the applicants should have at least 1400 to get into the Ivy League universities. It is essay prompt important to remember especially with respect to GRE it is just one measure of essay oncommunity, your intellectual capabilities. There are lots of other stronger measures which includes the academic performance, research work, recommendation letters , SOP etc. The same applies to TOEFL. However, some universities set some minimum limit for the TOEFL scores for students who might be interested in research, taking up a Teaching Assistantship. It is essay not vital for one to have done a lot of research work in the field that you are planning to pursue higher studies in.

Whats more important is that you have excelled in whatever other activity you might have taken up. However, it is essential to give convincing reasons for changing to the new field. Mentorpolis: Nipun, can you also share your plan after your Stanford Education? Nipun: My plans after graduating from Stanford are quite hazy presently. However, I am sure that I would like to hooks establish some technology based company in essay oncommunity, the future in some field. I am keeping myself mentally open to all possible options and I am planning to ensure that the future does not surprise me too much. Mentorpolis: It was great talking to you Nipun- thanks a lot from us and our readers.

I am sure this interview will be a great help to future applicants.

Chicken Kabsa | Saudi Style Chicken and Rice. I wanted to start by thanking everyone who commented on my last post. Essay Oncommunity? It was heartwarming to hear from so many who also live with auto immune conditions, and to learn about the challenges they have overcome and the changes they have made to answering questions english, their life to essay, find relief. On A Science? It helps me to know that I am not alone in essay this and all I have to do is reach out to find friends. Of Methodology Paper? Thank you. It was also interesting to essay oncommunity, learn that this food problem is just as prevalent in other countries. I knew it affected other countries but I had also learnt that many countries overseas had stricter laws concerning food additives and preservatives.

It seems that it is not quite the case. They may be restricting some but they definitely aren’t rushing to ban all of them. I do know that the US is the paper, worst for what it deems acceptable for public consumption. So much so, that even China and Japan and many other European countries are restricting certain food imports from the US. I just hope our food people wake up and realise what the public really wants. Actually, we’re okay with just labelling; label the food and let people make up their own mind. Anyway, I’ll step down from my soap box now. So, I don’t know if I ever mentioned this before, but I was actually born in Saudi Arabia. Oncommunity? I left there when I was 6 and moved to London where I grew up. I remember a little bit of my time in Saudi, just flashes of essay science of mythology, memories.

However, the essay oncommunity, ones I do remember all have to essays about part time jobs, do with food. Even as a youngster, good food left a definite impression on me. Most of the time we ate at essay, home and that was pretty much always Indian. On the occasions we ate out or were at a wedding or event, the food was always Saudi; shawarmas, kebabs, rotisserie style chicken and effective, Saudi rice and essay oncommunity, meat. Weddings and family meals were served Saudi style which is communal. Hooks For Persuasive? As a child I though it was fun sharing food on essay oncommunity a big tray, the ladies gathered around all digging into their portion of food on their side of the tray. Also, as a child born in Saudi, it was normal to me, even though we did not eat like that at home. It was different but my child mind was open to all possibilities. This Kabsa is a Saudi dish of chicken or lamb and section in research, rice. Oncommunity? I think it is Saudi Arabia’s national dish since it’s so loved by all Saudis and essays about, all foreigners who’ve had a chance to taste it. It’s not particularly difficult to make but it’s has layers of flavour and thanks to essay oncommunity, the sultanas and almonds, lots of texture too.

It is usually a heavily spiced dish and has a nice kick to it. Traditionally, it’s made by research cooking the chicken with spices in water and then using the broth to cook the rice. The chicken is oncommunity then quickly broiled to crisp it up a little and then served atop the spicy rice often with a salsa like sauce on the side. If I am making this for a dinner party, I like to cook the chicken and rice separately. I like to marinade the chicken with the about jobs, Arabic spices and garlic and then bake it rather than boil it first. The rice I cook separately with spices and essay oncommunity, tomatoes in a chicken broth. Essays? I prefer this method only essay, because I find the chicken stays more moist than the essay, double cooking of essay oncommunity, boiling and broiling. Then I place the chicken and the juices over the rice and sprinkle the fried golden raisins and almonds. However, when I crave this during a week night, I cook the whole skin on chicken in the pressure cooker with spices and then use the broth to make the of methodology in research, rice. I cut up the chicken and quickly broil it to crisp up the skin.

Weeknight Kabsa usually does away with the raisins and oncommunity, almonds and I serve with a salad instead of the salsa. Just as good but done in less time. Today’s post is the easy weeknight Kabsa. I will do a post on the party Kabsa one day when I find where I put my recipe! I seemed to quote essay prompt, have misplaced my spicy rice recipe when we moved and I haven’t found it yet. This was before my blog so it’s written on some scrap of paper tucked inside a notebook somewhere in a box.

1 whole chicken or large chicken pieces, skin on 6 -8 cups water, enough to cover 1 onion, in quarters 2 carrots, roughly chopped 4 garlic cloves, crushed Handful parsley 1 cinnamon stick 2 teaspoons turmeric 2 teaspoons Bharat mix 1 tablespoon peppercorns. 2? cups/500g Basmati rice, washed and soaked for 15 minutes 1 onion, finely chopped 2 large tomatoes, finely chopped 1 teaspoon turmeric ½ teaspoon red cayenne powder 3 teaspoon Bharat spice 4 cardamom pods cinnamon stick 1 fresh chopped green or red chilli, optional 5 cups reserved chicken broth 2 tablespoons oil 2 teaspoons salt Golden raisins/sultanas, soaked for 15 minutes, optional Almonds, slivered or halved, optional 2 tablespoons butter, optional. In a pressure cooker or a large dutch oven, place the essay, chicken or chicken pieces, onion, carrots, garlic cloves, parsley, and the spices and cover with water. If using a pressure cooker, follow your cooker instructions and essays, pressure cook for 20-25 minutes. Oncommunity? If using a dutch oven, simmer the chicken until tender, about 60 minutes. After the chicken is cooked, slowly remove from the stock and place on essays about a baking sheet. If your chicken is whole, you could cut into pieces or leave it whole. You can even just pull the meat off the bones and essay, serve on top of the rice without broiling. Allow the broth to cool a little and strain into a clean bowl and skim off the embezzlement paper, fat.

Reserve for the rice. In a large pot, add the oil and lightly brown the onions. Add the cardamom pods and the cinnamon stick and toss in essay oncommunity the oil. Add turmeric, the essay of mythology, cayenne powder, the Bharat spices, mix thoroughly and essay oncommunity, cook a little in the oil. Add the tomatoes and effective hooks for persuasive, cook until softened. Add the fresh chilli if using. Add in the rice and toss in the oil and spices. Essay? Pour in the hot broth, add the salt and embezzlement research, allow to come up to boil. Simmer the rice uncovered until most of the essay, broth is hooks for persuasive absorbed and the level of broth is the essay, same as the rice and paper, you can see little dimples forming on the surface. Turn down the heat to essay oncommunity, low, cover the pot and cook for quote prompt 10 minutes.

Put on a timer. After 10 minutes, remove from the essay, heat and without lifting the lid, let sit off the on a science of mythology, heat for another 10 minutes. After 10 minutes, lift the lid and fluff up the rice. While the essay oncommunity, rice is cooking, turn the broiler on. Paper? Place the baking sheet with the chicken under the broiler and cook until the essay, chicken is crisped and browned. If using the almonds and golden raisins, melt the butter in a small fry pan and fry the raisins and almonds. To serve, place rice on a platter, arrange the chicken on on a science top and scatter the almonds and raisins.

Or, you can just dish it up on plates like I do with a salad on the side. 1 teaspoon black peppercorn. 1 teaspoon coriander seeds. 1 small cinnamon stick, coarsely chopped. 1/2 teaspoon whole cloves.

1/2 teaspoon ground allspice. 2 teaspoons cumin seeds. 1 teaspoon cardamom pods. ? whole nutmeg, grated. Grind all the oncommunity, spices together and store in a clean jar. Hope y’all had a great weekend and are off to a great start to the week.

My children are off for half term/spring break so they’re all home, being very trying. I did a big grocery shop and essay on a of mythology, stocked up the fridges so they can eat themselves happy :). Essay? When they are home, that’s all they do, eat. Hope you’re having a great week!! I love to hear from paper my readers so please leave me a comment! If you enjoyed this post please share! I am an american i have been living in Saudi Arabia for 26 years now,of course my husband and essay, kids are saudi i cook this dish almost everyday is good to. Hear other people like the same. Nice website. I just had Kabsa with my family:) I’m from Saudi Arabia. yes we cook Kabsa as you said. Actually we have many types of about part time, Kabsa. we call them Bokhare, Boryani, white Kabsa, mthlotha,etc. the essay oncommunity, one u showed picture is effective for persuasive essays called Bokhare.

We learn how to make it from our moms. I wish I can make Kabsa for those people who saw ur pictures and feel hungry:))) I’m happy u like our food. Essay? Enjoy ur time and have a nice day. Hell, it’s not just additives and research, preservatives. I heard that in the US it’s completely legal for oncommunity any random chicken battery farm owner to label his eggs any way he likes… so he could stamp “Farm-fresh, organic, free-range” on the front and answering, it’s completely legal. What the hell is that about? Perhaps it varies by state?

In any case, things like that are strictly enforced all across Europe, even down to semantics like whether something is oncommunity “Made from examples section in research strawberries”, “Strawberry flavoured”, or “Strawberry flavour”! I love these kinds of fragrant dishes and essay, it’s nice to hear that this is on a of mythology something from essay oncommunity your childhood. Don’t think I’d read you were born in Saudi before, I feel like I get to know you a little better with each post #128578; Thanks Krissie #128578; You are too sweet. The dish sounds amazing. Packed with flavors and I love one pot meals such as this one. Thanks for sharing. I am pinning it and I am going to soon make it on examples of methodology paper a weekend. Thank you Taruna! It is pretty tasty and I think you’ll like it.

Nazneen, this chicken looks delicious. I don’t know if I’ve ever had Saudi food. Have you ever been to Sahara restaurant on east Arapahoe Road, just east of 1-25? I’m asking because I wonder if it’s Saudi? Stepping back onto that soap box, just yesterday a coworker and I were talking about packaged salads and the smell and flavor that some of them have. Now i’m on a mission to find out just what they rinse and preserve them with? Some of them don’t have that odor and seem clean (like the oncommunity, ones from Whole Foods) Do you know? I’ve driven past that place a few times but never been. Is it any good? My experience is that there are very few Saudi places as far as restaurants go.

You can find many Lebanese. Palestinian and embezzlement, even Egyptian, but not Saudi…not sure why. Once in a while, someone who spent time in Saudi will recreate a dish in their restaurant. Essay Oncommunity? We had a couple in for persuasive Houston with some some Saudi dishes. As far as the salad greens, most of the prepackaged salads are washed in diluted chorine, including organic. Some are washed in water that hasn’t been changed so it’s pretty dirty. It’s almost better to buy your own mix and wash it yourself. There is no winning! This chicken looks so tasty and flavorful! We can just imagine how the essay, rice compliments it for a perfect lunch or dinner.

Thank you so much for your lovely comment! I makes you want to embezzlement research paper, start your own huge garden right away….so you know how it was cared for. The problem is I only oncommunity, have a tiny balcony…so the saga continues… Love the hooks essays, spices in essay oncommunity this dish and wish I had a beautiful pot like yours to cook mine in… Thanks Bam! I’ve grown tomatoes and chillies in containers and I prefer that in some ways. This year, I might try and plant a few things.

I’m tired of paying an arm and a leg! Oh girl we have so much in common now #128578; I was born in Saudi Arabia too but left when I was just 2 years old. I love Kabsa with chicken as we do not like lamb meat. Love your recipe and waiting for the party one… I thought I am the effective essays, only person who keeps misplacing important things specially when moving. Wow, we do have much in common now! Born in Saudi and not fond of lamb meat #128521; You have fridges?! Too funny. Essay? I love your photos Nazneen I think I can smell your chicken from essay science of mythology here. Haha!

You’re the only one who caught that #128578; I actually have 3 fridges but one that came with the rental we left it off. The other two are mine, one in the kitchen one in essay the garage. I need 2! Thanks Nancy #128578; Such a nice dish…so comforting and tasty…like the color of the chicken and rice…yum! Hope you are enjoying your week Nazneen #128512; Thanks Juliana!

I hope you are doing well too. Your photos look utterly incredible, the chicken cooked in this style is so delicious looking #128512; Thank you, Uru, you are very sweet to say so even though you don’t even eat meat xx. Having read the recipe and drooling over of methodology in research paper, your photos, I’m absolutely going to put this on the menu for oncommunity dinner his week! Love reading your blog!! X. Thank you so much, Andrea! You always have the loveliest things to say xx. Chicken and rice is one of those classic combos that almost every cuisine seems to have.

I never tire of this combo. This is particularly luscious — really a great dish. Thanks so much for this. I agree, John! Every cuisine does have one. I love them all I think #128578; Thanks, John! Wonderful presentation Nazneen.. Effective Hooks Essays? Rice dishes are always my favorite! Love the spices included in essay the dish…

Thanks Deepti! Mine too! My early childhood memories also involve being surrounded by delicious things… amazing how much our childhood influences our adulthood #128578; I remember super dense ricotta pastries in essay of mythology the summers spent in essay oncommunity the south, slurping spaghetti and research, my aunties’ homes, and essay oncommunity, a remarkably similar rice dish my dad’s mother cooked, with lentils and examples of methodology section in research, dates, with all the individual grains of rice standing like soldiers at attention. This chicken looks divine – so tender and that unmistakable yellow from turmeric 3. Ooooh, I know that lentils and date rice! I’m a huge fan of oncommunity, Persian food and cook it often at home, just never posted any of them. Maybe this year…

What a wonderful looking chicken dish that is essay on a science of mythology so beautifully photographed I can almost smell it! I don’t thing there’s anything more comfortable than chicken and rice. I’m not familiar with any recipes from Saudi Arabia as it’s been a country that hasn’t been welcoming of foreigners. I did meet a man who had to go there for business and he would stay in one of the best hotels but outside his window, his view was where they would be publicly chopping off the hands of people they’d rounded up – not the best advertisement for tourism! The rice must be so full of flavour – I’d like to make this and I’m sure I could do it in oncommunity my rice cooker xx.

Thank you Charlie. English? I would have to disagree, it’s not that Saudi is unwelcoming to foreigners it’s just not a tourist spot. Oncommunity? Honestly, there’s nothing to do there so why would people visit? Now there are plenty of of methodology section paper, foreigners there, all enjoying the tax free income, subsidised housing and food allowances. You get rich quick there, but people want the essay, money and hooks, still want to essay oncommunity, bad mouth the country. I’ve been to Saudi many times, I’ve never seen a hand cutting in public, so I’m not sure what your friend saw.

I wouldn’t live in prompt Saudi, but that country offers quite a bit to foreigners and essay oncommunity, it’s unfair to say otherwise. It also houses two of my favourite spots on earth, the Kabah in Mecca and the grave of the Prophet Muhammad. Hello, Nazneen! I, too, was amazed to learn that there are problems in just about every country’s food supply. It’s astounding, isn’t it? For some time, I’ve been in search of a good chicken and answering english, rice recipe. Essay? I had one, years ago, but it’s long gone and answering essay english, those that I’ve tried are pretty much run of the oncommunity, mill. Yours, though, would offer a completely new flavor profile for me. I’m going to try this and since I’ve the ingredients, I’ll even make my own Bharat.

I’ll come back to let you know how I did. Essay Prompt? Thanks for sharing your recipe. Have a good week, Nazneen. Thanks John! I hope you get to make it and more than that, I hope you like it!

It is quite a flavourful dish and I love that it has some heat. This recipe sound delicious! Now I can say that I have made a Saudi dish. Essay Oncommunity? I experiment from time to essays, time. with Indian recipes.

I have a book by Madhur Jaffrey that includes a few of her family recipes. I love the flavor of Indian spices. Thanks Caterina! If you like Indian flavours you will enjoy ME. Essay? They’re similar but a little milder. I like them both #128578; Hey Nazneen I’ve almost missed this post… I love rice, I love mix it with spices, vegetables or meat… so your recipe is a masterpiece for questions english my taste! beautiful photos my friend! Thanks Margherita! Love rice and all the things you can so with it! Bookmarked for my Sunday dinner this weekend. Thanks Dave!

Tell me how you like it! The next time you make this, I am available. Love the flavors, the oncommunity, photos and I bet it tastes great. Definitely deserves to be a national dish! Abbe@This is hooks essays How I Cook recently posted..Shakshuka in Purgatory. Thanks Abbe! You got yourself a deal. I will let you know xx. This looks so good. I’m going to have to essay, make it, the Glam Teens will love it. GG.

Thanks GG! I hope the guys like it! It’s very flavourful and quote essay prompt, has a lovely kick to essay, it. I love all the warm, aromatic spices that went into this! Thank you Mary Frances! That rice sounds and looks absolutely amazing. I love rice with a bit of essay, flavour.

Thanks Holly. This certainly has flavour! This looks and sounds pretty amazing Nazneen! If memory serves me well, I have had something very similar in an Arabic restaurant in Abu Dhabi – I never thought to replicate it – but your post is essay bringing back delicious memories! Thanks Shashi! It’s quite possible you had it in Abu Dhabi. It’s getting pretty popular across the Mid East now. It’s incredibly good, maybe that’s why #128578; This looks so delicious and comforting, Nazneen!

And all that turmeric has to be good for what ails you, too! I have been using a lot of fresh turmeric lately – can you find that there? If you want, I would be happy to ship you some – I love the fresh flavor and color it gives! I will look forward to section in research paper, giving this a try soon! Hugs, David. Thanks so much David!

You are so sweet. I can find fresh turmeric at my Asian market and essay, I actually have some in my freezer. I’m afraid to use it because it stains everything yellow! Nazneen, you have me drooling here! Oh my gosh – this looks wonderful. I wish I could look behind your shoulders and watch you cook all this wonderful food and smell all the aromas. : ) That pic with the golden rice is science of mythology just beautiful. Good luck with spring break and all the oncommunity, busy cooking you’ll be doing to feed the hungry masses. : ) They are lucky children. Take care!

You are welcome anytime to drop by and look over science, my shoulder Monica. Essay? We can cook together #128578; This is a beautiful recipe Nazneen. I love anything Middle Eastern (I am obsessed with spices) so it’s always a privilege to quote, read recipes from people who share traditional spice mixes and recipes. I’ve never heard of kabsa but I am practically drooling over your photographs. Essay Oncommunity? Gorgeous! Hope that you still manage to get some rest amidst the on a, craziness of having your kids home on holidays. Argh, sounds busy! x. Thanks Laura! No rest for the wicked!

I’m so tired this week because I had no rest last week! Argh! What a beautifully executed dish. When I was young I would take out all the essay oncommunity, nuts and sultanas from the Kashmiri pulav .. but now the mere mention of those in a rice dish makes my mouth water. The only Saudi rice dish I know making is the Bukari. Thanks for this lovely recipe. I know, me too!

I didn’t like all the bits in embezzlement research the rice. My children are the same way but I hope like me, they will love them as they grow older. This one is oncommunity really good, as I know you like it “extra hot” #128578; this recipe sounds so good! I was going to ask what the spice mix was made out of and effective for persuasive essays, continued to oncommunity, scroll down through the post and see you posted it. I might get on line and see if I can find it already made to order some as our small stores here do not always have a good supply of spices! it gets harder to find spices all the time for some reason. Hi Karen, thank you!

Yes, if you what to check on line you should be able to find a ready made package, it’s what I use. I have access to big ME grocers here though. You can use a 7 spice mix too if you can find one labelled “Bharat”. Thanks for your comment! This is my type of meal: Comforting and mouthwatering! I have to make this one day to enjoy both the rice and chicken robust flavors. Time Jobs? I am a spice lover! Thanks Denise! I know you will love it because it does have some powerful spices.

You can make it as hot as you like too. It’s delicious! I had this dish once t a friends home and loved it. Thank you so much for sharing this recipe, Nazneen, because I always wanted to prepare it and now I can, thanks to essay, your post #128578; Thanks Daniela! I’m so glad I could share this with you! It is incredibly flavourful and I’m glad you’ve had the chance to experience it. I have a thing for turmeric in essays part time jobs rice…I find it irresistible starting from the essay oncommunity, Biriyanis.

And yes, it reminds me so much of our tradition too. This dish looks so wholesome, aromatic and delicious. Essay On A Of Mythology? Spices do make everything nice. Essay? I hope you are feeling better now Nazneen. Thanks Sonali, I am well! There is something about examples of methodology paper yellow rice! Turmeric adds lovely colour and oncommunity, flavour. There isn’t a rice dish I don’t love #128578; I have been wanting to quote essay prompt, make a middle eastern style ‘biriyani’ for ages now.

Interestingly, my Ma has a very similar recipe for a mutton biriyani she makes, which she learned during her stay in Iran. She does not use all spice though or parsley. I have baharat with me that a dear brother sent from israel last year. I wonder if their ingredients are same….. Essay Oncommunity? I am so making this. This dish is actually more of a Yemeni dish but I think it made its way to Saudi through immigrants and on a science, they have run with it! Iranian rice dishes never have the same spice, and essay oncommunity, are rarely hot. Paper? They rely on saffron as their major spice but use lots of dried fruit and nuts. Essay Oncommunity? I bet the recipe she has is pretty awesome.

I love Iranian food. I have some pullao recipes from Iran that I will eventually post. Thanks Minnie! Dear Nazneen, I have never prepared a Chicken Kabsa or heard of it. For Persuasive? The recipe sounds very intriguing with all those spices – I even had to look up what the spice mix Bharat contains, as I had no idea – sounds wonderful to oncommunity, me, must give this lovely recipe a lot of depth of effective for persuasive, flavor. Oncommunity? The colors of the quote prompt, rice and essay oncommunity, the chicken together with the side salad are just amazing, the photography is absolutely stunning! Hope you are feeling well these days!

Dear Andrea, I have included a recipe for the spice mix, maybe you overlooked it #128578; This is quote prompt a highly flavoured dish and yes, has great depth. Oncommunity? If you like these kind of spices, you will most definitely like it. I am doing well, thank you my friend. On A Science? xx. Easily one of the best chicken and rice dishes in my book. Yep.

We know that our entire family loves this! Especially your brother #128578;

Issues/Gang Violence term paper 5348. Gangs are a violent reality that people have to deal with in today's cities. What has made these groups come about? Why do kids feel that being in a gang is both an acceptable and essay oncommunity, prestigious way to research paper, live? The long-range answer to these questions can only essay oncommunity, be speculated upon, but in the short term the answers are much easier to find. On the surface, gangs are a direct result of human beings' personal wants and peer pressure. To determine how to effectively end gang violence we must find the way that these morals are given to the individual. Unfortunately, these can only be hypothesized. However, by looking at the way humans are influenced in society, I believe there is good evidence to point the blame at essay questions english, several institutions. These include the forces of the media, the government, theatre, drugs and our economic system. Originally the word gang had no negative connotation.

In Old English, gang simply referred to oncommunity, a number of people who went around together-a group. Today a gang can be defined in four basic ways: zh an organized group with a leader. zh a unified group that usually remains together during peaceful times as well as times of part time jobs conflict. zh a group whose members show unity through clothing, language. zh a group whose activities are criminal or threatening to the larger society. Gangs are one of the results of poverty, discrimination and urban deterioration. Some experts believe that young people, undereducated and without access to good jobs, become frustrated with their lives and join gangs as an alternative to boredom, hopelessness and devastating poverty. Studies have attempted to determine why gangs plague some communities but there has been no definitive answer. As a result, people working to solve gang problems have great difficulty. They find the situation overwhelming, and the violence continues.

No groups completely fitting the above description of gangs existed in America until the early 1800s, but from the beginning of the essay oncommunity European settlement in essay questions America there was gang-like activity, especially when class distinctions came into being. Essay Oncommunity! Gang members tended to be from the poorer classes and tended to be from the quote prompt same race or ethnic background. They banded together for oncommunity, protection, recreation or financial gain. The earliest identified American gangs formed after the Revolutionary War, which ended in 1783. Essay Prompt! They were known as Smith's Vly gang, the Bowery Boys, the essay Broadway Boys, and the Long Bridge Boys and the Fly Boys. The first three were white and the last two were African-American. Members were in examples in research their early teens and twenties but not all came from the lowest economic classes; nor were they necessarily criminals. It was not until the 19th century that criminal gangs first formed.

As the result of a worsening economy and essay, growing population that increased competition for jobs, gangs began to specialize in section in research paper crime and became a part of essay America's cities. Irish immigrants formed the essays part first American criminal gangs in New York City. Some were criminals; some were brawlers and most associated in an area of New York called Five Points. Essay! They had dress codes and called their members by code nicknames. (Many of the gang rituals of paper today have their roots in this period.) The first Irish gang to oncommunity, have a recognized leader was the Forty Thieves, organized by Edward Coleman in 1826. Gangs also arose in the Bowery. Hooks For Persuasive! These two sets of gangs brawled on a regular basis-over gang territory and ethnic differences. Sometimes the essay oncommunity battles were so long and intense that the army had to be called in to stop them. The decade before the essay on a of mythology Civil War was a heyday for most New York street gangs due to the all-out corruption of city government. Gang membership swelled. Gangs burned ballot boxes, plundered stores and businesses and essay oncommunity, private homes without fear of police interference. After the Civil War in 1865 New York records indicate a presence of Jewish, Italian, African-American and quote essay, Irish gangs.

With the increase in immigrant populations, so grew gang membership. Almost every criminal of note in the United States made New York its headquarters. Chinese gangs appeared in California in the mid-1800s. Philadelphia reported gang activity as early as 1840 and between that time and 1870 became home to over 100 street gangs. Oncommunity! During this time murder became a test of toughness and drugs (laudanum, morphine, cocaine) became a part of the gang scene. Answering Essay Questions English! The level of essay violence escalated. The Whyos of essay on a Five Points used murder as a membership requirement. By the end of the 19th century gangs started wearing distinctive jackets.

In the early 1900s the U.S. economy worsened, the population grew at essay oncommunity, a rapid pace, and the gap between the essay rich and poor widened. Oncommunity! All across the nation gangs appeared where poor, hopeless people lived. The dawning of the 20th century also brought with it a widespread use of firearms. By mid 1920s there were 1313 gangs in section in research Chicago and more than 25,000 members. Gang warfare in Chicago was widespread and fighting took place along ethnic, cultural and essay, racial lines. Some gangs had no noticeable cultural, ethnic or national ties and consisted mostly of whites. The 1920s and 1930s saw the rise of Chicano (Mexican-American) gangs in Los Angeles. By the 1940s Chicano gangs established their place in Los Angeles-their zoot suits (a style of dress incorporating tapered pants, long wide-shoulder coats and essay on a of mythology, broad-brimmed hats) had become a familiar sight. Fighting back against essay oncommunity, harassment of white residents and visiting soldiers during the so-called zoot suit riots in 1943 strengthened their cause.

After World War II gang membership: 1. became younger, 2. the nationality of the membership became largely non-white (though Italians, Irish and other white ethnic groups still made up a percentage), 3. drugs became a more publicized concern, 4. Essay! gang activity centered around large-scale, well-organized street fighting,

5. fire-arms were used more often, 6. the oncommunity structure of effective for persuasive essays organization became more rigid, 7. and society at oncommunity, large became concerned with gangs as a social problem and worked toward rehabilitation. Between 1941 and 1945 over half a million Puerto Ricans arrived in the United States, most settling in New York City. During the 1920s the African American populations migrated from the South to the northern cities.

Due, in part, to this influx of African-American and Puerto Rican into northern cities, the Post WWII period spawned the greatest era of youth gang activity in American gang history. The Old Italian, Jewish and Irish inhabitants became fearful that these groups were taking over. During the essay prompt 1950s gang fighting rose to an all time high in cities like New York, Philadelphia, Boston, Chicago, Detroit, Los Angeles and Cleveland. Gang members were usually in their teens. Codes of dress (black leather jackets were popular) and mannerisms were an important means of identification. Body language said a lot about the essay nature of the effective hooks essays gang. When a gang decided to become a fighting, or bopping gang, its members immediately took on a different way of walking. A rhythmic gait characterized by the forward movement of the head with each step. Terms for fighting were bopping, rumbling, jitterbugging. Gang members used guns, knives, and homemade weapons.

Most common drugs-alcohol, marijuana, heroin. New York gangs fought along racial lines-African-American, white, Puerto Rican. Usually they fought over girls or turf. Turf could be anything from a few blocks to an entire neighborhood. Essay! Gang members believed it was essential to protect the honor of effective hooks their girlfriends.

And in the late 1950, girl gangs, with strong ties to essay, boy gangs, began to form. Revenge was required by an inflexible code of gang loyalty. It was from such incidents that gangs drew their sense of pride, of being somebody. Research Paper! In order to combat the rise of violence, organizations like the New York City Youth Board sent social workers into the slums to form relationships with the gangs. In some cases it worked; in many it did not. The 1960s saw a decline in gang violence, in part because drug use escalated. Where there was more drug use there was less gang violence. America's attention also shifted to the civil rights movement, urban ghetto riots, Vietnam War protests.

A new racial consciousness had its effect on local street gang, creating organizations that were more involved in communities. The Black Panthers arose in Oakland in 1968, the Black Muslims gained national prominence in the '60s and a Puerto Rican gang, the Young Lords, formed in the early '70s. By early 1972 gangs were making headlines again. Drug use seemed to be decreasing and essay oncommunity, violence increasing. Gang membership grew and the potential for violence was far greater for the gangs had access to prompt, weapons that no gang ever had before. They did not make their headquarters in public places, but in private places. Oncommunity! Gangs also acquired greater legal and political sophistication. When it is apparent that someone must be arrested for a crime, often the effective gang chooses a minor because his prison sentence will be shorter.

Serving a term in jail helps boost his reputation. On the surface, peer pressure and greed cause gangs. Many teens in gangs will pressure peers into becoming part of a gang by making it all sound glamorous. Money is also a crucial factor. A kid (a 6-10 year old, who is not yet a member) is shown that s/he could make $200 to $400 for small part time gang jobs. Although these are important factors they are not strong enough to essay oncommunity, make kids do things that are strongly against their morals.

One of the ways that kids morals are bent so that gang violence becomes more acceptable is the influence of television and examples section, movies. Essay! The average child spends more time at prompt, a TV than she/he spends in essay oncommunity a classroom. Since nobody can completely turn off their minds, kids must be learning something while watching the TV. Examples! Very few hours of television watched by children are educational, so other ideas are being absorbed during this period of time. Many shows on television today are extremely violent. and are often shown this from essay a gang's perspective. A normal adult can see that this is showing how foully that gangs are living. However, to a child this portrays a violent gang existence as acceptable. 'The Ends Justifies the Means' mentality is essay prompt, also taught through many shows where the good guy captures the bad guy through violence and is then being commended.

A young child sees this a perfectly acceptable. because he knows that the bad guy was wrong but has no idea of what acceptable apprehension techniques are. Gore in television also takes a big part in influencing young minds. Children see gory scenes and are fascinated by these things that they have not seen before. Older viewers see gore and oncommunity, are not concerned with the blood but rather with the pain the victim must feel. A younger mind doesn't make this. connection. Thus a gore fascination is formed, and has been seen in of mythology several of essay oncommunity my peers.

Unfortunately kids raised with this sort of television end up growing up with a stronger propensity to becoming a violent gang member or 'violent-acceptant' person. Gangs bring the delinquent norms of society into on a intimate contact with the individual.1, (Marshall B Clinard, 1963). So, as you can see if TV leads a child to believe that violence is the norm this will manifest itself in the actions of the essay child quite often in a gang situation. This is especially the case when parents don't spend a lot of time with their kids at the TV explaining what is right and what is wrong. Research Paper! Quite often newer books and some types of music will enforce this type of thought and ideas. Once this mentality is installed in youngsters they become increasingly prone to being easily pushed into a gang situation by any problem at home or elsewhere. For instance, in poor families with many children or upper-middle class families where parents are always working, the essay oncommunity children will often feel deprived of examples section paper love. Parents can often feel that putting food on the table is enough love. Children of these families may often go to the gang firstly out of essay oncommunity boredom and to belong somewhere.

As time goes on, a form of of methodology section in research paper love or kinship develops between the gang members and essay, the child. It is then that the embezzlement research paper bond between the kid and essay, the gang is completed because the effective gang has effectively taken the essay oncommunity place of the family. The new anti social structure of embezzlement paper cities also effects the ease in which a boy/girl can join a gang. Oncommunity! The formation of embezzlement gangs in cities, and most recently in oncommunity suburbs, is facilitated by the same lack of community among parents. The parents do not know what their children are doing for two reasons: First, much of the of mythology parents' lives are outside the local community, while the children's lives are lived almost totally within it. Second, in a fully developed community, the essay oncommunity network of relations gives every.

parent, in a sense, a community of sentries who can keep him informed of his child's activities. In modern living-places (city or suburban), where such a network is attenuated, he no longer has such sentries.2, (Merton Nisbet, 1971). In male gangs, problems occur as each of the members tries to be the manliest. This often leads to essay, all members participating in one-up-manship. Quite often this will then lead to each member trying to commit a bigger and more violent crime or simply more crimes than the others will. With all members participating in this sort of activity it makes for a never-ending unorganized violence spree (A sort of Clockwork Orange mentality). In gangs with more intelligent members these feelings end up making each member want to oncommunity, be the star when the groups commit a crime. This makes the gang much more organized and essays about jobs, improves the morale of members which in turn makes them more dangerous and very hard for the police to deal with and catch (There is nothing harder to find and deal with than organized teens that are dedicated to the group). Essay! This sort of gang is usually common of middle or upper class people. although it can happen in gangs in answering questions english the projects and other low rent districts too. This one-up-manship is essay oncommunity, often the reason between rival gangs fighting.

All gangs feel powerful and answering essay english, they want to be feared. To do this they try to establish themselves as the only gang in a certain neighborhood. After a few gang fights hatred forms and gang murders and drive-by's begin to take place. When two gangs are at war it makes life very dangerous for citizens in the area. Essay Oncommunity! Less that 40% of drive-by's kill their intended victim yet over 60% do kill someone. This gang application is one of the many reasons that sexual stereotypes and pressure to conform to the same must be stopped. Lastly one of the great factors in joining a gang is for protection. Part! Although from an objective point of view, we can see joining a gang brings more danger than it saves you from, this is not always the essay way it is essays about part jobs, seen by kids. In slums such as the essay oncommunity Bronx or the very worst case, Compton, children will no. doubt be beaten and robbed if they do not join a gang.

Of course they can probably get the same treatment from rivals when in a gang. The gang also provides some money for these children who quite often need to feed their families. The reason kids think that the hooks for persuasive gang will keep them safe is from propaganda from the oncommunity gangs. Gang members will say that no one will get hurt and make a public show of of methodology paper revenge if a member is hurt or killed. People in low rent areas are most often being repressed due to poverty and oncommunity, most importantly, race. This often results in an attitude that motivates the person to base his/her life on doing what the system that oppresses them doesn't want. Although this accomplishes little it is a big factor in gang enrollment. So, as you have seen gangs are a product of the environment we have created for ourselves.

Some of these factors include oppression, the media, and greed, violence and essay questions english, other gangs. There seems to be no way to end the problem of gangs without totally restructuring the modern economy and value system. Since the chance of this happening is minimal, we must learn to cope with gangs and try to keep their following to a minimum. Unfortunately there is essay, no real organized force to help fight gangs. Of course the quote essay prompt police are supposed to do this but this situation quite often deals with racial issues also and essay oncommunity, the police forces regularly display their increasing inability to deal fairly with these issues. What we need are more people to form organizations like the Guardian Angels a gang-like group that makes life very tough for essay on a science, street gangs that are breaking laws.

American Psychological Association. Internet Web-Site. Is Youth Violence Just Another Fact of Life? 4 April 2000. Graves, Chris. A?A§Research to Guide Crackdown: Study Analyses Explosion in Violence.A?A? Minneapolis Star Tribune 17 June 1997: 01B. Haskins, James. Street Gangs: Yesterday and Today. New York: Hastings House, 1975. Lewis, Yablonsky.

Gangsters: 50 Years of Madness. New York University Press, 1997. Opinion. Essay! A?A§Urban Perspective: The Peace Process Network.A?A? Los Angeles Sentinel 25 November 1998: A7. Our writers are all Uni graduates able to work effectively on any level under time constraints. Well-versed in most subjects and citation styles, our writers have years of ghostwriting experience doing both academic and professional projects. Every paper is written from quote essay scratch based on your instructions and essay, there is no plagiarism of any kind. Effective! Plus, we guarantee free unlimited revisions. You will enjoy direct contact with the writer throughout the entire process and will receive the paper by e-mail/download. The projects are never resold and will remain your unique property for a lifetime. The service is totally confidential and all client information is kept private.

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